If you'd like to add this set to your collection and start rememberizing it, login to your account now. Of course, if you don't already have an account you should register for free right away!
| Front-side | Reverse-side |
|---|---|
| .i’u | familiarity (selmaho: UI1) (rafsi: xa’a) Definition/Notes: attitudinal: familiarity – mystery (cf. slabu, nalni’o, kufra) |
| accidental | snuti (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: nut) Definition/Notes: x1 (event/state) is an accident/unintentional on the part of x2; x1 is an accident(cf. zukte, cunso) |
| affix | rafsi (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: raf) Definition/Notes: x1 is an affix/suffix/prefix/combining-form for word/concept x2, form/properties x3, language x4 (cf. valsi, lujvo, pagbu) |
| arch | bargu (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: bag) Definition/Notes: x1 arches/curves over/around x2 and is made of x3; x1 is an arch over/around x2 of material x3 [also arc; x2 need not be an object, but may be a point or volume] ; (cf. cripu, kruvi, korcu, condi) |
| balvi | future (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: bav) Definition/Notes: x1 is in the future of/later than/after x2 in time sequence; x1 is latter; x2 is former [also sequel, succeed, successor, follow, come(s) after; time ordering only (use lidne otherwise); aorist in that x1 may overlap in time with x2 as long as it extends afterwards; non-aorist future (= cfabalvi); (default x2 is the space time reference, whereupon:) x1 will occur] ; (cf. lidne, cabna, purci, farna) |
| bancu | beyond (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: bac) Definition/Notes: x1 exceeds/is beyond limit/boundary x2 from x3 in property/amount x4 (ka/ni) [on the other side of a bound, but not necessarily directly ‘across’ nor at the shortest plausible distance (per ragve); also not limited to position in space] ; (cf. dukse, ragve, zmadu, kuspe) |
| bargu | arch (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: bag) Definition/Notes: x1 arches/curves over/around x2 and is made of x3; x1 is an arch over/around x2 of material x3 [also arc; x2 need not be an object, but may be a point or volume] ; (cf. cripu, kruvi, korcu, condi) |
| beyond | bancu (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: bac) Definition/Notes: x1 exceeds/is beyond limit/boundary x2 from x3 in property/amount x4 (ka/ni) [on the other side of a bound, but not necessarily directly ‘across’ nor at the shortest plausible distance (per ragve); also not limited to position in space] ; (cf. dukse, ragve, zmadu, kuspe) |
| born | jbena (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: jbe) Definition/Notes: x1 is born to x2 at time x3 [birthday] and place x4 [birthplace] ; x1 is native to (fo) x4 [x2 bears/gives birth to x1; also x3: natal day] ; (cf. fange, gutra, rorci, mamta, salci, citsi) |
| boy | nanla (selmaho: BAI) Definition/Notes: x1 is a boy/lad [young male person] of age x2 immature by standard x3 [word dispreferred in metaphor/example as sexist; (use verba)] ; (cf. nixli, verba, nanmu, bersa) |
| cafne | often (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: caf) Definition/Notes: x1 (event) often/frequently/commonly/customarily occurs/recurs by standard x2(cf. rirci, fadni, kampu, rapli, krefu, lakne, cmavo list piso’iroi and similar compounds) |
| can and has | pu’i (selmaho: CAhA) (rafsi: pus) Definition/Notes: modal aspect: can and has; demonstrated potential |
| can but has not | nu’o (selmaho: CAhA) (rafsi: nu’o) Definition/Notes: modal aspect: can but has not; unrealized potential |
| cedra | era (selmaho: UI1) Definition/Notes: x1 is an era/epoch/age characterized by x2 (event/property/interval/idea)(x2 interval should be the defining boundaries; if merely a characterizing period, the nature of the interval should be expressed in an abstract bridi, or the interval should be marked with tu’a; x2 may also be characteristic object(s) or practices of the era, if marked with tu’a); (cf. ranji, temci, citsi) |
| celebrate | salci (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: sla) Definition/Notes: x1 celebrates/recognizes/honors x2 (event/abstract) with activity/ [party] x3 [x3 (and nunsla) festival/fiesta/celebration/occasion/fair/ [holiday (some senses)] ; not limited to the ameliorative interpretation of ‘celebrate’: funeral (= mrobixsla)] ; (cf. sinma, jbena) |
| censa | holy (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: ces) Definition/Notes: x1 is holy/sacred to person/people/culture/religion/cult/group x2(cf. cevni, krici, latna, pruxi, lijda, sinma) |
| ci’e | in system (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: ces) Definition/Notes: ciste modal, 1st place used in scalar negation in system/context … |
| cite | sitna (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: sit) Definition/Notes: x1 cites/quotes/refers to/makes reference to source x2 for information/statement x3 (du’u)(cf. krasi) |
| ckape | peril (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: cap) Definition/Notes: x1 is perilous/dangerous/potentially harmful to x2 under conditions x3 [x1 is a danger/peril to x2] ; (cf. te bandu, te kajde, te marbi, se snura, se xalni) |
| clira | early (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: lir) Definition/Notes: x1 (event) is early by standard x2(cf. lerci) |
| coin | sicni (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: si’i) Definition/Notes: x1 is a coin/token/is specie issued by x2 having value x3 of composition including x4(cf. fepni, jdini, rupnu) |
| company | kagni (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: kag) Definition/Notes: x1 is a company/corporation/firm/partnership chartered by authority x2 for purpose x3 [also enterprise/organization (if chartered)] ; (cf. kansa, kamni, banxa, bende) |
| crane | front (selmaho: UI1) (rafsi: cra) Definition/Notes: x1 is anterior/ahead/forward/(in/on) the front of x2 which faces/in-frame-of-reference x3 [also: x3 is the standard of orientation for x2] (cf. sefta, flira, trixe, mlana, pritu, zunle) |
| crepu | harvest (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: rep) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) harvests/reaps/gathers crop/product/objects x2 from source/area x3(cf. critu, sombo, jmaji) |
| crime | zekri (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: zer zei) Definition/Notes: x1 (event/state) is a crime/ [taboo/offense/sin] to people/culture/judges/jury x28d 24 [luzei, cacyzei); sin (= madzei, jdamadzei); heresy (= jdazei)] ; (cf. flalu, sfasa, zungi, palci, lijda, pajni, javni, tcaci, marde, pulji, tinbe) |
| crisa | summer (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: cis) Definition/Notes: x1 is summer/summertime [hot season] of year x2 at location x3(cf. citsi, critu, dunra, vensa) |
| cumla | humble (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: cul) Definition/Notes: x1 is humble/modest about x2 (abstraction); x1 displays humility about x2(cf. cinmo, jgira) |
| curse | dapma (selmaho: UI1) (rafsi: dap) Definition/Notes: x1 curses/damns/condemns x2 to fate (event) x3 [curse with a specific expression (= dapsku)] ; (cf. mabla, dimna, cnemu, sfasa, dunda, cusku, cirko, jdima) |
| cutci | shoe (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: cuc) Definition/Notes: x1 is a shoe/boot/sandal for covering/protecting [feet/hooves] x2, and of material x3 [also boot (= tupcutci)] ; (cf. smoka, taxfu, skiji) |
| dakfu | knife (selmaho: UI1) (rafsi: dak) Definition/Notes: x1 is a knife (tool) for cutting x2, with blade of material x3(cf. denci, balre, katna, tunta, forca, smuci, kinli) |
| dapma | curse (selmaho: UI1) (rafsi: dap) Definition/Notes: x1 curses/damns/condemns x2 to fate (event) x3 [curse with a specific expression (= dapsku)] ; (cf. mabla, dimna, cnemu, sfasa, dunda, cusku, cirko, jdima) |
| daughter | tixnu (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: tix ti’u) Definition/Notes: x1 is a daughter of mother/father/parents x2; [not necessarily biological] (cf. bersa, panzi) |
| delicate | ralci (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: rac) Definition/Notes: x1 is delicate/fragile/subtle/refined in property x2 (ka) [easily damaged or rendered less pleasing/pure/effective] ; (cf. jdari, ranti, tsali, milxe, kukte) |
| delicious | kukte (selmaho: A) (rafsi: kuk) Definition/Notes: x1 is delicious/tasty/delightful to observer/sense x2 [person, or sensory activity] [x1 is a delicacy] ; (cf. gusta, ralci, vrusi, cpina) |
| dig | kakpa (selmaho: A) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) digs x2 [material] up/out of x3 [source/hole] with limbs/tool(s) x4 [also x1 cuts into x3 (with material removal)] ; (cf. katna, plixa, sraku, canpa, sraku) |
| do’a | generously (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: cuc) Definition/Notes: discursive: generously – parsimoniously (cf. dunda) |
| do’o | you and others (selmaho: KOhA3) (rafsi: dap) Definition/Notes: pro-sumti: you the listener & others unspecified |
| early | clira (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: lir) Definition/Notes: x1 (event) is early by standard x2(cf. lerci) |
| enough | rau (selmaho: PA4) (rafsi: rac) Definition/Notes: digit/number: enough; subjective |
| era | cedra (selmaho: UI1) Definition/Notes: x1 is an era/epoch/age characterized by x2 (event/property/interval/idea)(x2 interval should be the defining boundaries; if merely a characterizing period, the nature of the interval should be expressed in an abstract bridi, or the interval should be marked with tu’a; x2 may also be characteristic object(s) or practices of the era, if marked with tu’a); (cf. ranji, temci, citsi) |
| esteem | sinma (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: si’a) Definition/Notes: x1 esteems/respects/venerates/highly regards x2 [object of respect] [also: x2 is respected/esteemed/celebrated (= selsi’a for reordered places)] ; (cf. banli, censa, misno, nelci, prami, salci, jgira) |
| explode | spoja (selmaho: BAI*) (rafsi: poj po’a) Definition/Notes: x1 bursts/explodes/violently breaks up/decomposes/combusts into pieces/energy/fragments x2(cf. cecla, jakne, jbama) |
| extra sumti place | fai (selmaho: FA) (rafsi: dap) Definition/Notes: sumti place tag: tag a sumti moved out of numbered place structure; used in modal conversions |
| fai | extra sumti place (selmaho: FA) (rafsi: dap) Definition/Notes: sumti place tag: tag a sumti moved out of numbered place structure; used in modal conversions |
| familiarity | .i’u (selmaho: UI1) (rafsi: xa’a) Definition/Notes: attitudinal: familiarity – mystery (cf. slabu, nalni’o, kufra) |
| fancu | function (selmaho: UI3) Definition/Notes: x1 is a function/single-valued mapping from domain x2 to range x3 defined by expression/rule x4(cf. mekso, bridi) |
| fe’e | space aspects (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: dap) Definition/Notes: mark space interval distributive aspects; labels interval tense modifiers as location-oriented |
| festi | waste (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: fes) Definition/Notes: x1(s) is/are waste product(s) [left to waste] by x2 (event/activity) [also shit, crap; agentive wasting (= fesygau, fesyzu’e)] ; (cf. xaksu, kalci, pinca) |
| flalu | law (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: fla) Definition/Notes: x1 is a law specifying x2 (state/event) for community x3 under conditions x4 by lawgiver(s) x5 [x1 is a legality; x2 is legal/licit/legalized/a legality (= selfla for reordered places)] ; (cf. javni, ritli, zekri, pulji, tinbe) |
| fold | polje (selmaho: CAhA) (rafsi: plo) Definition/Notes: x1 (force) folds/creases x2 at locus/loci/forming crease(s)/bend(s) x3 [for agentive folding (= plogau, plozu’e); use cardinal-value sumti in x3, or rapli, to indicate multiple folds] ; (cf. korcu, cinje, boxfo, boxna) |
| fraso | French (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: fas) Definition/Notes: x1 reflects French/Gallic culture/nationality/language in aspect x2(cf. ropno) |
| French | fraso (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: fas) Definition/Notes: x1 reflects French/Gallic culture/nationality/language in aspect x2(cf. ropno) |
| fresh | vifne (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: vif) Definition/Notes: (adjective:) x1 is fresh/unspoiled(cf. fusra) |
| from source | ra’i (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: pij) Definition/Notes: krasi modal, 1st place from source/origin/starting point … |
| front | crane (selmaho: UI1) (rafsi: cra) Definition/Notes: x1 is anterior/ahead/forward/(in/on) the front of x2 which faces/in-frame-of-reference x3 [also: x3 is the standard of orientation for x2] (cf. sefta, flira, trixe, mlana, pritu, zunle) |
| frown | frumu (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: fru) Definition/Notes: x1 frowns/grimaces (facial expression) [x1 frowns/grimaces at/in reaction to x2 (= frufra)] ; (cf. cmila, cisma) |
| frumu | frown (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: fru) Definition/Notes: x1 frowns/grimaces (facial expression) [x1 frowns/grimaces at/in reaction to x2 (= frufra)] ; (cf. cmila, cisma) |
| function | fancu (selmaho: UI3) Definition/Notes: x1 is a function/single-valued mapping from domain x2 to range x3 defined by expression/rule x4(cf. mekso, bridi) |
| future | balvi (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: bav) Definition/Notes: x1 is in the future of/later than/after x2 in time sequence; x1 is latter; x2 is former [also sequel, succeed, successor, follow, come(s) after; time ordering only (use lidne otherwise); aorist in that x1 may overlap in time with x2 as long as it extends afterwards; non-aorist future (= cfabalvi); (default x2 is the space time reference, whereupon:) x1 will occur] ; (cf. lidne, cabna, purci, farna) |
| generously | do’a (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: cuc) Definition/Notes: discursive: generously – parsimoniously (cf. dunda) |
| goat | kanba (selmaho: FEhE) Definition/Notes: x1 is a goat/angora/ [billy-goat/kid] of species/breed x2(cf. lanme, sunla) |
| grasu | grease (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: ras) Definition/Notes: x1 is a quantity of/is made of/contains grease/fat/oil from source x2(cf. ctile, matne, plana) |
| grease | grasu (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: ras) Definition/Notes: x1 is a quantity of/is made of/contains grease/fat/oil from source x2(cf. ctile, matne, plana) |
| greet | rinsa (selmaho: RAhO) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) greets/hails/ [welcomes/says hello to] /responds to arrival of x2 in manner x3 (action) (cf. friti for welcome/hospitality, cmavo list coi, cmavo list co’o) |
| harvest | crepu (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: rep) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) harvests/reaps/gathers crop/product/objects x2 from source/area x3(cf. critu, sombo, jmaji) |
| holy | censa (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: ces) Definition/Notes: x1 is holy/sacred to person/people/culture/religion/cult/group x2(cf. cevni, krici, latna, pruxi, lijda, sinma) |
| humble | cumla (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: cul) Definition/Notes: x1 is humble/modest about x2 (abstraction); x1 displays humility about x2(cf. cinmo, jgira) |
| I generalize | su’a (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: poj po’a) Definition/Notes: evidential: I generalize – I particularize; discursive: abstractly – concretely (cf. sucta, sucni’i) |
| immerse | jinru (selmaho: A) (rafsi: jir) Definition/Notes: x1 (object/person) is immersed/submerged/bathes in liquid x2 [take a bath/bathe (= jirsezlu’i)] ; (cf. lumci, nenri, jinsa) |
| in addition to | pa’a (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: naz zbi) Definition/Notes: panra modal, 1st place (parallel; shared property) similarly; in addition to … |
| in system | ci’e (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: ces) Definition/Notes: ciste modal, 1st place used in scalar negation in system/context … |
| jarki | narrow (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: jak) Definition/Notes: x1 is narrow in dimension x2 [2nd most significant dimension] by standard x3(cf. caxno, cinla, tordu, tagji, cinla, cmalu) |
| jbena | born (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: jbe) Definition/Notes: x1 is born to x2 at time x3 [birthday] and place x4 [birthplace] ; x1 is native to (fo) x4 [x2 bears/gives birth to x1; also x3: natal day] ; (cf. fange, gutra, rorci, mamta, salci, citsi) |
| je’a | scalar affirmer (selmaho: NAhE) Definition/Notes: scalar affirmer; denies scalar negation: Indeed! |
| jgena | knot (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: jge) Definition/Notes: x1 is a knot/tangle in/between x2 (object/jo’u-objects) [knot (verb = jgegau, jgezu’e, jgeri’a, jgela’a), knot: fastening between two or more cords (= jgeterjo’e)] ; (cf. pluja, julne, lasna, skori) |
| ji | sumti conn ? (selmaho: A) Definition/Notes: logical connective: sumti afterthought connective question |
| jinru | immerse (selmaho: A) (rafsi: jir) Definition/Notes: x1 (object/person) is immersed/submerged/bathes in liquid x2 [take a bath/bathe (= jirsezlu’i)] ; (cf. lumci, nenri, jinsa) |
| journal | karni (selmaho: A) Definition/Notes: x1 is a journal/periodical/magazine/ [newspaper] with content x2 published by x3 for audience x4 [x2 may be a subject, but not all journals have a single subject; all have some sort of principle defining what is included, so this need not be a list] ; (cf. papri, pelji, tcidu) |
| jutsi | species (selmaho: A) (rafsi: jut) Definition/Notes: x1 is a species of genus x2, family x3, etc.; [open-ended tree-structure categorization] [also subspecies, order, phylum; (places do not correspond to specific levels in the hierarchy; rather, x1 is at a ’’lower’’ or ’’bushier’’ part of the tree than x2, x2 is ’’lower’’ than x3, etc.; skipping a place thus means that there is one or more known-and-unspecified levels of hierarchy between the two); not limited to Linnean animal/plant t |
| kagni | company (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: kag) Definition/Notes: x1 is a company/corporation/firm/partnership chartered by authority x2 for purpose x3 [also enterprise/organization (if chartered)] ; (cf. kansa, kamni, banxa, bende) |
| kakpa | dig (selmaho: A) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) digs x2 [material] up/out of x3 [source/hole] with limbs/tool(s) x4 [also x1 cuts into x3 (with material removal)] ; (cf. katna, plixa, sraku, canpa, sraku) |
| kanba | goat (selmaho: FEhE) Definition/Notes: x1 is a goat/angora/ [billy-goat/kid] of species/breed x2(cf. lanme, sunla) |
| karni | journal (selmaho: A) Definition/Notes: x1 is a journal/periodical/magazine/ [newspaper] with content x2 published by x3 for audience x4 [x2 may be a subject, but not all journals have a single subject; all have some sort of principle defining what is included, so this need not be a list] ; (cf. papri, pelji, tcidu) |
| klaji | street (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: laj) Definition/Notes: x1 is a street/avenue/lane/drive/cul-de-sac/way/alley/ [road] at x2 accessing x3 [also corridor; not typically a route between points, but offers access to sites along it] ; (cf. naxle, panka, pluta, dargu) |
| knife | dakfu (selmaho: UI1) (rafsi: dak) Definition/Notes: x1 is a knife (tool) for cutting x2, with blade of material x3(cf. denci, balre, katna, tunta, forca, smuci, kinli) |
| knot | jgena (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: jge) Definition/Notes: x1 is a knot/tangle in/between x2 (object/jo’u-objects) [knot (verb = jgegau, jgezu’e, jgeri’a, jgela’a), knot: fastening between two or more cords (= jgeterjo’e)] ; (cf. pluja, julne, lasna, skori) |
| kukte | delicious (selmaho: A) (rafsi: kuk) Definition/Notes: x1 is delicious/tasty/delightful to observer/sense x2 [person, or sensory activity] [x1 is a delicacy] ; (cf. gusta, ralci, vrusi, cpina) |
| land | tumla (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: tum tu’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is a parcel/expanse of land at location x2; x1 is terrain(cf. vacri, xamsi; tutra, which need not be land, gugde, xamsi) |
| law | flalu (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: fla) Definition/Notes: x1 is a law specifying x2 (state/event) for community x3 under conditions x4 by lawgiver(s) x5 [x1 is a legality; x2 is legal/licit/legalized/a legality (= selfla for reordered places)] ; (cf. javni, ritli, zekri, pulji, tinbe) |
| less | mleca (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: mec me’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is less than x2 in property/quantity x3 (ka/ni) by amount x4 [also negative (= nonme’a)] ; (cf. cmavo list me’a, cmavo list su’o, jdika, zmadu, traji) |
| letter | xatra (selmaho: VUhO) (rafsi: xa’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is a letter/missive/ [note] to intended audience x2 from author/originator x3 with content x4(cf. notci, which has places in a different order; the emphasis in xatra is on the communication between author and recipient, and not the content, which in a letter may not easily be categorized to a ‘subject’; ciska, mrilu, papri) |
| lo’i | the set really is (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: kuk) Definition/Notes: veridical descriptor: the set of those that really are …, treated as a set |
| long scope relative | vu’o (selmaho: VUhO) (rafsi: vif) Definition/Notes: joins relative clause/phrase to complete complex or logically connected sumti in afterthought |
| me’e | with name (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: laj) Definition/Notes: cmene modal, 1st place (requires quote) with name …; so-called … |
| mile | minli (selmaho: LE) Definition/Notes: x1 is x2 (default 1) long local distance unit(s) [non-metric] , x3 subunits, standard x4(additional subunit places may be added as x5, x6, ...); (cf. mitre, kilto, clani, ganra, condi, rotsu, rupnu, fepni, dekpu, gutci, minli, merli, bunda, kramu) |
| minli | mile (selmaho: LE) Definition/Notes: x1 is x2 (default 1) long local distance unit(s) [non-metric] , x3 subunits, standard x4(additional subunit places may be added as x5, x6, ...); (cf. mitre, kilto, clani, ganra, condi, rotsu, rupnu, fepni, dekpu, gutci, minli, merli, bunda, kramu) |
| mleca | less (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: mec me’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is less than x2 in property/quantity x3 (ka/ni) by amount x4 [also negative (= nonme’a)] ; (cf. cmavo list me’a, cmavo list su’o, jdika, zmadu, traji) |
| mledi | mold (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: led) Definition/Notes: x1 is a mold/fungus/mushrooms/truffles of species/strain x2 parasitic/growing on x3(cf. clika) |
| mluni | satellite (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: lun) Definition/Notes: x1 is a satellite/moon orbiting x2 with characteristics x3, orbital parameters x4(cf. plini, solri, lunra) |
| mo’a | too few (selmaho: PA4) (rafsi: mob) Definition/Notes: digit/number: too few; subjective |
| mokca | point (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: moc) Definition/Notes: x1 is a point/instant/moment [0-dimensional shape/form] in/on/at time/place x2 [x1 is dimensionless] ; (cf. jipno, jganu, linji, stuzi, tcika) |
| mold | mledi (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: led) Definition/Notes: x1 is a mold/fungus/mushrooms/truffles of species/strain x2 parasitic/growing on x3(cf. clika) |
| morna | pattern (selmaho: PA4) (rafsi: mon mo’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is/reflects/represents a pattern of forms/events x2 arranged according to structure x3 [x3 is a [model] for x1 (= termontai, or the more abstract = termonsi’o); image (= gusmo’a, nenmo’a, dairmo’a, selylenmo’a, selmirmo’a, velmirmo’a, but also all of these -tai instead of -mo’a for the ideal)] ; (cf. ciste, ganzu, marji, slilu, stura, tarmi, boxna, cimde, gidva, jimpe, rilti) |
| na’o | typically (selmaho: TAhE) (rafsi: mon mo’a) Definition/Notes: tense interval modifier: characteristically/typically; tense/modal; defaults as time tense |
| nanla | boy (selmaho: BAI) Definition/Notes: x1 is a boy/lad [young male person] of age x2 immature by standard x3 [word dispreferred in metaphor/example as sexist; (use verba)] ; (cf. nixli, verba, nanmu, bersa) |
| narrow | jarki (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: jak) Definition/Notes: x1 is narrow in dimension x2 [2nd most significant dimension] by standard x3(cf. caxno, cinla, tordu, tagji, cinla, cmalu) |
| nazbi | nose (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: naz zbi) Definition/Notes: x1 is the nose [body-part] of x2 with nostril(s)/nasal passage(s) x3; [metaphor: protrusion] [also (adjective:) nasal] ; (cf. degji, panci, sumne, tance) |
| noble | nobli (selmaho: TAhE) (rafsi: nol no’i) Definition/Notes: x1 is noble/aristocratic/elite/high-born/titled in/under culture/society/standard x2 [also upper-class; high/low, upper/lower are poor Lojban metaphors; note x2 standard applies when the title/nobility is not recognized culture/society wide; this would include self-assumed titles] ; (cf. banli) |
| nobli | noble (selmaho: TAhE) (rafsi: nol no’i) Definition/Notes: x1 is noble/aristocratic/elite/high-born/titled in/under culture/society/standard x2 [also upper-class; high/low, upper/lower are poor Lojban metaphors; note x2 standard applies when the title/nobility is not recognized culture/society wide; this would include self-assumed titles] ; (cf. banli) |
| nose | nazbi (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: naz zbi) Definition/Notes: x1 is the nose [body-part] of x2 with nostril(s)/nasal passage(s) x3; [metaphor: protrusion] [also (adjective:) nasal] ; (cf. degji, panci, sumne, tance) |
| nu’o | can but has not (selmaho: CAhA) (rafsi: nu’o) Definition/Notes: modal aspect: can but has not; unrealized potential |
| often | cafne (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: caf) Definition/Notes: x1 (event) often/frequently/commonly/customarily occurs/recurs by standard x2(cf. rirci, fadni, kampu, rapli, krefu, lakne, cmavo list piso’iroi and similar compounds) |
| operate | sazri (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: saz) Definition/Notes: x1 operates/drives/runs x2 [apparatus/machine] with goal/objective/use/end/function x3(cf. gidva, xlura, pilno, tutci, jitro, gunka) |
| pa’a | in addition to (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: naz zbi) Definition/Notes: panra modal, 1st place (parallel; shared property) similarly; in addition to … |
| panra | parallel (selmaho: BAI) Definition/Notes: x1 parallels x2 differing only in property x3 (ka; jo’u/fa’u term) by standard/geometry x4 [also: x1 is parallel to x2, x3 is the only difference between x1 and x2 (= terpanra for reordered places); x1 and x2 are alike/similar/ [congruent] ; a parallel involves extreme close similarity/correspondence across the entirety of the things being compared, generally involving multiple properties, with focus placed on one or a small number of differen |
| paper | pelji (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: ple) Definition/Notes: x1 is paper from source x2 [sheet of paper (= plekarda if shape is important, plebo’o)] ; (cf. karni, papri, prina) |
| parallel | panra (selmaho: BAI) Definition/Notes: x1 parallels x2 differing only in property x3 (ka; jo’u/fa’u term) by standard/geometry x4 [also: x1 is parallel to x2, x3 is the only difference between x1 and x2 (= terpanra for reordered places); x1 and x2 are alike/similar/ [congruent] ; a parallel involves extreme close similarity/correspondence across the entirety of the things being compared, generally involving multiple properties, with focus placed on one or a small number of differen |
| pattern | morna (selmaho: PA4) (rafsi: mon mo’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is/reflects/represents a pattern of forms/events x2 arranged according to structure x3 [x3 is a [model] for x1 (= termontai, or the more abstract = termonsi’o); image (= gusmo’a, nenmo’a, dairmo’a, selylenmo’a, selmirmo’a, velmirmo’a, but also all of these -tai instead of -mo’a for the ideal)] ; (cf. ciste, ganzu, marji, slilu, stura, tarmi, boxna, cimde, gidva, jimpe, rilti) |
| patxu | pot (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: pax) Definition/Notes: x1 is a pot/kettle/urn/tub/sink, a deep container for contents x2, of material/properties x3(cf. tansi, palne for depth; baktu, botpi for open/lidded) |
| pelji | paper (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: ple) Definition/Notes: x1 is paper from source x2 [sheet of paper (= plekarda if shape is important, plebo’o)] ; (cf. karni, papri, prina) |
| pelt | skapi (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: kap) Definition/Notes: x1 is a pelt/skin/hide/leather from x2(cf. pilka, calku, kerfa) |
| pelxu | yellow (selmaho: CAhA) (rafsi: pel) Definition/Notes: x1 is yellow/golden [color adjective] (cf. skari, blabi, xekri, kandi, carmi, narju, solji) |
| pemci | poem (selmaho: CAhA) (rafsi: pem) Definition/Notes: x1 is a poem/verse about plot/theme/subject/pattern x2 by author x3 for intended audience x4 [x2 may be a convention rather than a subject] ; (cf. prosa, rimni, rilti, finti, lisri, sanga) |
| pencil | pinsi (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: pis) Definition/Notes: x1 is a pencil/crayon/stylus applying lead/marking material x2, frame/support [of material] x3 [also writing brush; x1 stimulates substrate medium x2 to display marks; explicitly denoting a standard lead pencil (= tabypinsi)] ; (cf. ciska, penbi (unlike the English equivalents, pinsi is the more general term over penbi), burcu, bakri) |
| peril | ckape (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: cap) Definition/Notes: x1 is perilous/dangerous/potentially harmful to x2 under conditions x3 [x1 is a danger/peril to x2] ; (cf. te bandu, te kajde, te marbi, se snura, se xalni) |
| phrase compound | tanru (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: tau) Definition/Notes: x1 is a binary metaphor formed with x2 modifying x3, giving meaning x4 in usage/instance x5(x2 and x3 are both text or both si’o concept) (cf. gismu, smuni) |
| pinsi | pencil (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: pis) Definition/Notes: x1 is a pencil/crayon/stylus applying lead/marking material x2, frame/support [of material] x3 [also writing brush; x1 stimulates substrate medium x2 to display marks; explicitly denoting a standard lead pencil (= tabypinsi)] ; (cf. ciska, penbi (unlike the English equivalents, pinsi is the more general term over penbi), burcu, bakri) |
| plan | platu (selmaho: CAhA) (rafsi: pla) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) plans/designs/plots plan/arrangement/plot/ [schematic] x2 for state/process x3 [also invents/organizes; x2 design, scheme; the structure or layout of an object would be represented as a state in x3] ; (cf. cartu) |
| platu | plan (selmaho: CAhA) (rafsi: pla) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) plans/designs/plots plan/arrangement/plot/ [schematic] x2 for state/process x3 [also invents/organizes; x2 design, scheme; the structure or layout of an object would be represented as a state in x3] ; (cf. cartu) |
| poem | pemci (selmaho: CAhA) (rafsi: pem) Definition/Notes: x1 is a poem/verse about plot/theme/subject/pattern x2 by author x3 for intended audience x4 [x2 may be a convention rather than a subject] ; (cf. prosa, rimni, rilti, finti, lisri, sanga) |
| point | mokca (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: moc) Definition/Notes: x1 is a point/instant/moment [0-dimensional shape/form] in/on/at time/place x2 [x1 is dimensionless] ; (cf. jipno, jganu, linji, stuzi, tcika) |
| polje | fold (selmaho: CAhA) (rafsi: plo) Definition/Notes: x1 (force) folds/creases x2 at locus/loci/forming crease(s)/bend(s) x3 [for agentive folding (= plogau, plozu’e); use cardinal-value sumti in x3, or rapli, to indicate multiple folds] ; (cf. korcu, cinje, boxfo, boxna) |
| porsi | sequence (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: por poi) Definition/Notes: x1 [ordered set] is sequenced/ordered/listed by comparison/rules x2 on unordered set x3 [also (adjective:) x1 is serial] ; (sets are completely specified); (cf. cmavo list po’i, lidne, liste, cmima) |
| pot | patxu (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: pax) Definition/Notes: x1 is a pot/kettle/urn/tub/sink, a deep container for contents x2, of material/properties x3(cf. tansi, palne for depth; baktu, botpi for open/lidded) |
| precisely speaking | sa’e (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: rac) Definition/Notes: discursive: precisely speaking – loosely speaking (cf. satci, jibni) |
| prije | wise (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: pij) Definition/Notes: x1 is wise/sage about matter x2 (abstraction) to observer x3(cf. bebna) |
| pro-assign update | ra’o (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: pus) Definition/Notes: flag GOhA to indicate pro-assignment context updating for all pro-assigns in referenced bridi |
| pu’i | can and has (selmaho: CAhA) (rafsi: pus) Definition/Notes: modal aspect: can and has; demonstrated potential |
| ra’i | from source (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: pij) Definition/Notes: krasi modal, 1st place from source/origin/starting point … |
| ra’o | pro-assign update (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: pus) Definition/Notes: flag GOhA to indicate pro-assignment context updating for all pro-assigns in referenced bridi |
| racli | sane (selmaho: BAI) Definition/Notes: x1 (action/activity/behavior) is sane/rational by standard x2(cf. fenki) |
| rafsi | affix (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: raf) Definition/Notes: x1 is an affix/suffix/prefix/combining-form for word/concept x2, form/properties x3, language x4 (cf. valsi, lujvo, pagbu) |
| rai | with superlative (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: pec pe’u) Definition/Notes: traji modal, 1st place with superlative … |
| ralci | delicate (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: rac) Definition/Notes: x1 is delicate/fragile/subtle/refined in property x2 (ka) [easily damaged or rendered less pleasing/pure/effective] ; (cf. jdari, ranti, tsali, milxe, kukte) |
| rare | rirci (selmaho: RAhO) Definition/Notes: x1 [member] is rare/unusual/uncommon/atypical in property x2 (ka) among members of x3 (set)(x3 is complete specification of set); (cf. cizra, fadni, cafne, kampu, cnano – the generalized opposite to any/all of these concepts) |
| rau | enough (selmaho: PA4) (rafsi: rac) Definition/Notes: digit/number: enough; subjective |
| re’i | ready to receive (selmaho: COI) (rafsi: pec pe’u) Definition/Notes: vocative: ready to receive – not ready to receive |
| ready to receive | re’i (selmaho: COI) (rafsi: pec pe’u) Definition/Notes: vocative: ready to receive – not ready to receive |
| results because | seja’e (selmaho: BAI*) (rafsi: saz) Definition/Notes: jalge modal, 2nd place (event causal) results because of … |
| rinsa | greet (selmaho: RAhO) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) greets/hails/ [welcomes/says hello to] /responds to arrival of x2 in manner x3 (action) (cf. friti for welcome/hospitality, cmavo list coi, cmavo list co’o) |
| rirci | rare (selmaho: RAhO) Definition/Notes: x1 [member] is rare/unusual/uncommon/atypical in property x2 (ka) among members of x3 (set)(x3 is complete specification of set); (cf. cizra, fadni, cafne, kampu, cnano – the generalized opposite to any/all of these concepts) |
| sa’e | precisely speaking (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: rac) Definition/Notes: discursive: precisely speaking – loosely speaking (cf. satci, jibni) |
| sa’u | simply speaking (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: pec pe’u) Definition/Notes: discursive: simply – elaborating (cf. sampu, pluja) |
| salci | celebrate (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: sla) Definition/Notes: x1 celebrates/recognizes/honors x2 (event/abstract) with activity/ [party] x3 [x3 (and nunsla) festival/fiesta/celebration/occasion/fair/ [holiday (some senses)] ; not limited to the ameliorative interpretation of ‘celebrate’: funeral (= mrobixsla)] ; (cf. sinma, jbena) |
| sane | racli (selmaho: BAI) Definition/Notes: x1 (action/activity/behavior) is sane/rational by standard x2(cf. fenki) |
| saske | science (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: ske) Definition/Notes: x1 (mass of facts) is science of/about subject matter x2 based on methodology x3 [not limited to science as derived by the scientific method, but pertaining to any body of usually-coherent knowledge garnered/gathered/assembled by a consistent methodology] ; (cf. datni, fatci, djuno, cipra, pensi, jimpe) |
| satellite | mluni (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: lun) Definition/Notes: x1 is a satellite/moon orbiting x2 with characteristics x3, orbital parameters x4(cf. plini, solri, lunra) |
| sazri | operate (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: saz) Definition/Notes: x1 operates/drives/runs x2 [apparatus/machine] with goal/objective/use/end/function x3(cf. gidva, xlura, pilno, tutci, jitro, gunka) |
| scalar affirmer | je’a (selmaho: NAhE) Definition/Notes: scalar affirmer; denies scalar negation: Indeed! |
| science | saske (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: ske) Definition/Notes: x1 (mass of facts) is science of/about subject matter x2 based on methodology x3 [not limited to science as derived by the scientific method, but pertaining to any body of usually-coherent knowledge garnered/gathered/assembled by a consistent methodology] ; (cf. datni, fatci, djuno, cipra, pensi, jimpe) |
| secure | snura (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: nur nu’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is secure/safe from threat x2 (event)(cf. ckape, kajde, marbi, terpa, xalni, bandu) |
| seja’e | results because (selmaho: BAI*) (rafsi: saz) Definition/Notes: jalge modal, 2nd place (event causal) results because of … |
| sequence | porsi (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: por poi) Definition/Notes: x1 [ordered set] is sequenced/ordered/listed by comparison/rules x2 on unordered set x3 [also (adjective:) x1 is serial] ; (sets are completely specified); (cf. cmavo list po’i, lidne, liste, cmima) |
| shoe | cutci (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: cuc) Definition/Notes: x1 is a shoe/boot/sandal for covering/protecting [feet/hooves] x2, and of material x3 [also boot (= tupcutci)] ; (cf. smoka, taxfu, skiji) |
| sicni | coin (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: si’i) Definition/Notes: x1 is a coin/token/is specie issued by x2 having value x3 of composition including x4(cf. fepni, jdini, rupnu) |
| simply speaking | sa’u (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: pec pe’u) Definition/Notes: discursive: simply – elaborating (cf. sampu, pluja) |
| sinma | esteem (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: si’a) Definition/Notes: x1 esteems/respects/venerates/highly regards x2 [object of respect] [also: x2 is respected/esteemed/celebrated (= selsi’a for reordered places)] ; (cf. banli, censa, misno, nelci, prami, salci, jgira) |
| sitna | cite (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: sit) Definition/Notes: x1 cites/quotes/refers to/makes reference to source x2 for information/statement x3 (du’u)(cf. krasi) |
| skapi | pelt (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: kap) Definition/Notes: x1 is a pelt/skin/hide/leather from x2(cf. pilka, calku, kerfa) |
| sligu | solid (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: lig) Definition/Notes: x1 is solid, of composition/material including x2, under conditions x3 [conditions include temperature and pressure] ; (cf. runta, litki, gapci, jdari, dunja, pulce, jduli) |
| snura | secure (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: nur nu’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is secure/safe from threat x2 (event)(cf. ckape, kajde, marbi, terpa, xalni, bandu) |
| snuti | accidental (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: nut) Definition/Notes: x1 (event/state) is an accident/unintentional on the part of x2; x1 is an accident(cf. zukte, cunso) |
| solid | sligu (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: lig) Definition/Notes: x1 is solid, of composition/material including x2, under conditions x3 [conditions include temperature and pressure] ; (cf. runta, litki, gapci, jdari, dunja, pulce, jduli) |
| space aspects | fe’e (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: dap) Definition/Notes: mark space interval distributive aspects; labels interval tense modifiers as location-oriented |
| species | jutsi (selmaho: A) (rafsi: jut) Definition/Notes: x1 is a species of genus x2, family x3, etc.; [open-ended tree-structure categorization] [also subspecies, order, phylum; (places do not correspond to specific levels in the hierarchy; rather, x1 is at a ’’lower’’ or ’’bushier’’ part of the tree than x2, x2 is ’’lower’’ than x3, etc.; skipping a place thus means that there is one or more known-and-unspecified levels of hierarchy between the two); not limited to Linnean animal/plant t |
| spoja | explode (selmaho: BAI*) (rafsi: poj po’a) Definition/Notes: x1 bursts/explodes/violently breaks up/decomposes/combusts into pieces/energy/fragments x2(cf. cecla, jakne, jbama) |
| street | klaji (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: laj) Definition/Notes: x1 is a street/avenue/lane/drive/cul-de-sac/way/alley/ [road] at x2 accessing x3 [also corridor; not typically a route between points, but offers access to sites along it] ; (cf. naxle, panka, pluta, dargu) |
| su’a | I generalize (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: poj po’a) Definition/Notes: evidential: I generalize – I particularize; discursive: abstractly – concretely (cf. sucta, sucni’i) |
| summer | crisa (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: cis) Definition/Notes: x1 is summer/summertime [hot season] of year x2 at location x3(cf. citsi, critu, dunra, vensa) |
| sumti conn ? | ji (selmaho: A) Definition/Notes: logical connective: sumti afterthought connective question |
| tanru | phrase compound (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: tau) Definition/Notes: x1 is a binary metaphor formed with x2 modifying x3, giving meaning x4 in usage/instance x5(x2 and x3 are both text or both si’o concept) (cf. gismu, smuni) |
| tcima | weather (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: tim ti’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is weather at place/region x2; (adjective:) x1 is meteorological [climate (= citsyti’a, timymo’a)] ; (cf. brife, bumru, carvi, dilnu, bratu) |
| the set really is | lo’i (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: kuk) Definition/Notes: veridical descriptor: the set of those that really are …, treated as a set |
| tixnu | daughter (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: tix ti’u) Definition/Notes: x1 is a daughter of mother/father/parents x2; [not necessarily biological] (cf. bersa, panzi) |
| too few | mo’a (selmaho: PA4) (rafsi: mob) Definition/Notes: digit/number: too few; subjective |
| tumla | land (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: tum tu’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is a parcel/expanse of land at location x2; x1 is terrain(cf. vacri, xamsi; tutra, which need not be land, gugde, xamsi) |
| typically | na’o (selmaho: TAhE) (rafsi: mon mo’a) Definition/Notes: tense interval modifier: characteristically/typically; tense/modal; defaults as time tense |
| value | vamji (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: vam va’i) Definition/Notes: x1 (ni) is the equivalent value/worth of x2 [item(s) of value] to x3 for use/appreciation x4 [also: x2 is worth x1 to x3; (for x2 person:) x2 merits (one sense), (adjective:) x2 is worthy (= selva’i for reordered places); merit reward (= nemselva’i); receive merited reward (= vamselne’u); x2 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from o |
| vamji | value (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: vam va’i) Definition/Notes: x1 (ni) is the equivalent value/worth of x2 [item(s) of value] to x3 for use/appreciation x4 [also: x2 is worth x1 to x3; (for x2 person:) x2 merits (one sense), (adjective:) x2 is worthy (= selva’i for reordered places); merit reward (= nemselva’i); receive merited reward (= vamselne’u); x2 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from o |
| vifne | fresh (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: vif) Definition/Notes: (adjective:) x1 is fresh/unspoiled(cf. fusra) |
| vu’o | long scope relative (selmaho: VUhO) (rafsi: vif) Definition/Notes: joins relative clause/phrase to complete complex or logically connected sumti in afterthought |
| waste | festi (selmaho: FEhE) (rafsi: fes) Definition/Notes: x1(s) is/are waste product(s) [left to waste] by x2 (event/activity) [also shit, crap; agentive wasting (= fesygau, fesyzu’e)] ; (cf. xaksu, kalci, pinca) |
| weather | tcima (selmaho: RAhO) (rafsi: tim ti’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is weather at place/region x2; (adjective:) x1 is meteorological [climate (= citsyti’a, timymo’a)] ; (cf. brife, bumru, carvi, dilnu, bratu) |
| wise | prije (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: pij) Definition/Notes: x1 is wise/sage about matter x2 (abstraction) to observer x3(cf. bebna) |
| with name | me’e (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: laj) Definition/Notes: cmene modal, 1st place (requires quote) with name …; so-called … |
| with superlative | rai (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: pec pe’u) Definition/Notes: traji modal, 1st place with superlative … |
| xatra | letter (selmaho: VUhO) (rafsi: xa’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is a letter/missive/ [note] to intended audience x2 from author/originator x3 with content x4(cf. notci, which has places in a different order; the emphasis in xatra is on the communication between author and recipient, and not the content, which in a letter may not easily be categorized to a ‘subject’; ciska, mrilu, papri) |
| yellow | pelxu (selmaho: CAhA) (rafsi: pel) Definition/Notes: x1 is yellow/golden [color adjective] (cf. skari, blabi, xekri, kandi, carmi, narju, solji) |
| you and others | do’o (selmaho: KOhA3) (rafsi: dap) Definition/Notes: pro-sumti: you the listener & others unspecified |
| zekri | crime (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: zer zei) Definition/Notes: x1 (event/state) is a crime/ [taboo/offense/sin] to people/culture/judges/jury x28d 24 [luzei, cacyzei); sin (= madzei, jdamadzei); heresy (= jdazei)] ; (cf. flalu, sfasa, zungi, palci, lijda, pajni, javni, tcaci, marde, pulji, tinbe) |