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| Front-side | Reverse-side |
|---|---|
| .e’a | permission (selmaho: UI1) (rafsi: xam) Definition/Notes: attitudinal: granting permission – prohibiting (cf. curmi) |
| .o’o | patience (selmaho: UI1) (rafsi: xam) Definition/Notes: attitudinal: patience – mere tolerance – anger (cf. fengu, to’ersteba, de’acni |
| .uanai | confusion (selmaho: UI*1) (rafsi: xam) Definition/Notes: attitudinal: discovery – confusion/searching |
| 6 | xa (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: xav) Definition/Notes: digit/number: 6 (digit) [six] |
| 7 | ze (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: zel) Definition/Notes: digit/number: 7 (digit) [seven] |
| agree | tugni (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: tug tu’i) Definition/Notes: x1 [person] agrees with person(s)/position/side x2 that x3 (du’u) is true about matter x4(cf. sarxe, mapti, darlu, natfe, panpi, sarji) |
| and respectively | fa’u (selmaho: JOI) (rafsi: cru) Definition/Notes: non-logical connective: respectively; unmixed ordered distributed association |
| answer | danfu (selmaho: ZI) (rafsi: daf) Definition/Notes: x1 is the answer/response/solution/ [reply] to question/problem x2(cf. ciksi, frati, preti, nabmi, spuda for agentive response/reply, cpedu) |
| as much as | du’i (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: cru) Definition/Notes: dunli modal, 1st place (equalled by) equally; as much as … |
| awake | cikna (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: cik) Definition/Notes: (adjective:) x1 is awake/alert/conscious(cf. sanji, sipna, tatpi) |
| bai | compelled by (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: xen xei) Definition/Notes: bapli modal, 1st place (forced by) forcedly; compelled by force … |
| barna | mark (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: ba’a) Definition/Notes: x1(s) is a/are mark(s)/spot(s) on x2 of material x3 [ba’armo’a for a pattern of marks] ; (cf. sinxa, pixra, se ciska, se prina) |
| below | ni’a (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: jup) Definition/Notes: location tense relation/direction; downwards/down from … |
| between | jbini (selmaho: JOI) (rafsi: bin bi’i) Definition/Notes: x1 is between/among set of points/bounds/limits x2 (set)/amidst mass x2 in property x3 (ka) [x2 (a complete set, generally ordered) defines the bounds/limits/range for x1] ; (cf. se vasru, nenri, zvati, cpana, snuji, senta, bitmu, jimte, kuspe, jibni, lamji, sruri, vanbi, midju, cmima, setca) |
| board | tanbo (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: ta’o) Definition/Notes: x1 is a board/plank [3-dimensional long flat rectangle] of material x2(cf. bliku, kubli) |
| break | porpi (selmaho: NAhU) (rafsi: pop po’i) Definition/Notes: x1 breaks/fractures/shatters/ [splits/splinters/cracks] into pieces x2(cf. xrani, spofu, se katna) |
| building | dinju (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: dij di’u) Definition/Notes: x1 is a building/edifice for purpose x2(cf. ginka, zdani, zarci) |
| cacra | hour (selmaho: FAhA2) Definition/Notes: x1 is x2 hours in duration (default is 1 hour) by standard x3(cf. junla, mentu, snidu, tcika, temci) |
| canlu | space (selmaho: PA5) (rafsi: cal ca’u) Definition/Notes: x1 is space/volume/region/room [at-least-3-dimensional area] occupied by x2 [also occupy (= selca’u)] (cf. kensa, bliku, kumfa, kevna, kunti, tubnu, dekpu) |
| carvi | rain (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: cav) Definition/Notes: x1 rains/showers/ [precipitates] to x2 from x3; x1 is precipitation [not limited to ‘rain’] (cf. bratu, dilnu, santa, snime, tcima, bisli, bumru) |
| catra | kill (selmaho: ZI) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) kills/slaughters/murders x2 by action/method x3(cf. morsi, xarci) |
| cau | lacked by (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: ta’o) Definition/Notes: claxu modal, 1st place lacked by … |
| certu | expert (selmaho: ZI) (rafsi: cre) Definition/Notes: x1 is an expert/pro/has prowess in/is skilled at x2 (event/activity) by standard x3 [also competent, skilled] ; (cf. djuno, stati, kakne) |
| child | verba (selmaho: COI) (rafsi: ver ve’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is a child/kid/juvenile [a young person] of age x2, immature by standard x3 [not necessarily human] ; (cf. cifnu, makcu, citno, panzi, nanla, nixli, se rirni, bersa) |
| cikna | awake (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: cik) Definition/Notes: (adjective:) x1 is awake/alert/conscious(cf. sanji, sipna, tatpi) |
| citno | young (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: cit ci’o) Definition/Notes: x1 is young/youthful [relatively short in elapsed duration] by standard x2 [also age (= nilnalci’o); (adjective:) x1 is junior] ; (cf. cnino, slabu, verba) |
| city | tcadu (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: tca) Definition/Notes: x1 is a town/city of metropolitan area x2, in political unit x3, serving hinterland/region x4 [also (adjective:) x1 is urban] ; (cf. jarbu, nurma, cecmu, jarbu) |
| ckiku | key (selmaho: UI*1) (rafsi: kik) Definition/Notes: x1 is a key fitting/releasing/opening/unlocking lock x2, and having relevant properties x3 [also x2 fastener, mechanism; code key (= termifckiku, kiktermifra); x3 is dependent on the type of key, but are those form properties of the key that enable it to serve the function of opening the lock – in the case of a metal key to a padlock, for example, this would be the shaft and teeth] ; (cf. stela) |
| class | klesi (selmaho: PA5) (rafsi: kle lei) Definition/Notes: x1 (mass/si’o) is a class/category/subgroup/subset within x2 with defining property x3 (ka) [also type, kind, classification, species, genus, family, order, phylum] ; (cf. cmavo list le’a, cmima, jutsi, ciste, girzu, lanzu, vrici) |
| clite | polite (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: lit) Definition/Notes: x1 is polite/courteous/civil in matter x2 according to standard/custom x3 [also formal, ritual] ; (cf. ritli) |
| cmila | laugh (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: mi’a) Definition/Notes: x1 laughs (emotional expression) [x1 laughs at x2 (= mi’afra)] ; (cf. ckasu, frumu, xajmi, cisma) |
| cmoni | moan (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: cmo co’i) Definition/Notes: x1 utters moan/groan/howl/scream [non-linguistic utterance] x2 expressing x3 (property) [also shriek, most animal sounds, e.g. bark, cackle, meow, neigh, moo, honk, baa, crow] (cf. krixa, bacru, cusku, cortu) |
| cold | lenku (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: lek) Definition/Notes: x1 is cold/cool by standard x2(cf. glare, bisli) |
| compelled by | bai (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: xen xei) Definition/Notes: bapli modal, 1st place (forced by) forcedly; compelled by force … |
| confusion | .uanai (selmaho: UI*1) (rafsi: xam) Definition/Notes: attitudinal: discovery – confusion/searching |
| continue | ranji (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: ra’i) Definition/Notes: x1 (event/state) continues/persists over interval x2; x1 (property – ka) is continuous over x2(cf. temci, kuspe, renvi, cedra, citsi, manfo, vitci, cukla, fliba, preja, tcena) |
| cook | jukpa (selmaho: JOI) (rafsi: jup) Definition/Notes: x1 cooks/prepares food-for-eating x2 by recipe/method x3 (process) [cook with heat (= glajukpa, glaterjukpa), bake (= tokyjukpa); fry (= rasyjukpa)] ; (cf. cupra, bredi) |
| copulate | gletu (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: let gle) Definition/Notes: x1 copulates/fucks/mates/has coitus/sexual intercourse with x2 [x1 and x2 are symmetrical; mounts (= cpanygle)] ; (cf. cinse, pinji, plibu, vibna, vlagi, mabla, speni) |
| costly | kargu (selmaho: PA1) Definition/Notes: x1 (object/commodity/property/event) is costly/expensive/dear to x2 by standard x3 [x1 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= poskargu for unambiguous semantics)] ; (cf. vamji, dirba, vajni, jdima, pleji, canja, jerna, jinga, jemna, sfasa, vecnu) |
| cpedu | request (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: cpe) Definition/Notes: x1 requests/asks/petitions/solicits for x2 of/from x3 in manner/form x4 [also demand (= mi’ecpe); x4 is a means of expression (cf. ve cusku): a request may be indicated in speech, in writing, or by an action (e.g. petitions are often in writing, while begging/panhandling may be indicated by an action or even demeanor)] ; (cf. pikci, te preti, te frati, se spuda, danfu) |
| culno | full (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: clu) Definition/Notes: x1 is full/completely filled with x2(cf. tisna, kunti, mulno, setca, tisna) |
| cup | kabri (selmaho: PA5) Definition/Notes: x1 is a cup/glass/tumbler/mug/vessel/ [bowl] containing contents x2, and of material x3 [a kabri is normally eaten from by lifting it; a palta is not] ; (cf. palta, citka, blaci, tansi) |
| curmi | let (selmaho: UI*1) (rafsi: cru) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) lets/permits/allows x2 (event) under conditions x3; x1 grants privilege x2 [sufficient condition (= crutcini), agent that permits a situation (= tcinycru)] ; (cf. rinju, banzu, ralte, jimte, jaspu, zifre) |
| danfu | answer (selmaho: ZI) (rafsi: daf) Definition/Notes: x1 is the answer/response/solution/ [reply] to question/problem x2(cf. ciksi, frati, preti, nabmi, spuda for agentive response/reply, cpedu) |
| dark | manku (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: man) Definition/Notes: x1 is dark/lacking in illumination(cf. blabi, gusni, ctino; use kandi or xekri with colors, ctino) |
| dasni | wear (selmaho: ZI) (rafsi: das) Definition/Notes: x1 wears/is robed/garbed in x2 as a garment of type x3 [x2 need not be intended for use as a garment (unlike taxfu)] ; (cf. taxfu) |
| daytime | donri (selmaho: DOhU) (rafsi: dor do’i) Definition/Notes: x1 is the daytime of day x2 at location x3; (adjective:) x1 is diurnal (vs. nocturnal)(cf. nicte, djedi, tcika) |
| de’u | recent utterance (selmaho: KOhA2) (rafsi: cmo co’i) Definition/Notes: pro-sumti: a recent utterance |
| decide | jdice (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: jdi) Definition/Notes: x1 (person) decides/makes decision x2 (du’u) about matter x3 (event/state)(cf. pajni, cuxna, kanji, manri) |
| di | something 3 (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: cmo co’i) Definition/Notes: logically quantified existential pro-sumti: there exists something 3 (usually restricted) |
| dinju | building (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: dij di’u) Definition/Notes: x1 is a building/edifice for purpose x2(cf. ginka, zdani, zarci) |
| do’u | end vocative (selmaho: DOhU) (rafsi: cpe) Definition/Notes: elidable terminator: end vocative (often elidable) |
| donri | daytime (selmaho: DOhU) (rafsi: dor do’i) Definition/Notes: x1 is the daytime of day x2 at location x3; (adjective:) x1 is diurnal (vs. nocturnal)(cf. nicte, djedi, tcika) |
| dream | senva (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: sev sne) Definition/Notes: x1 dreams about/that x2 (fact/idea/event/state); x2 is a dream/reverie of x1 [dream/reverie (= selsne)] ; (cf. sipna, xanri) |
| drudi | roof (selmaho: DOhU) (rafsi: rud dru) Definition/Notes: x1 is a roof/top/ceiling/lid of x2(cf. bitmu, stedu, galtu, gapru, loldi, marbi, gacri, mapku; a drudi is (designed to be) over/above something and shelters it from other things above the drudi, mapku) |
| du’i | as much as (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: cru) Definition/Notes: dunli modal, 1st place (equalled by) equally; as much as … |
| dunli | equal (selmaho: ZI) (rafsi: dun du’i) Definition/Notes: x1 is equal/congruent to/as much as x2 in property/dimension/quantity x3 [same in quantity/quality (not necessarily in identity); ‘analogy’ may be expressed as the equivalence of two properties of similarity (ka x1 simsa x2) and (ka x3 simsa x4)] ; (cf. cmavo list du’i, satci, frica, simsa, mintu) |
| easy | frili (selmaho: ZI) (rafsi: fil) Definition/Notes: x1 (action) is easy/simple/facile for x2 (agent) under conditions x3; x2 does x1 freely/easily(cf. nandu, sampu, zifre) |
| egg | sovda (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: sov so’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is an egg/ovum/sperm/pollen/gamete of/from organism [mother/father] x2 [(poorly metaphorical only due to gender- and species- being unspecified): ovoid, oblate (= pevyso’aseltai, but better: claboi); egg, specifically female (= fetso’a), of a bird (= cpifetso’a, cpiso’a), of a chicken (= jipcyfetso’a, jipcyso’a] (but note that Lojban does not require specificity, just as English doesn’t for either milk or eggs; ’’sovda’’ is f |
| empty | kunti (selmaho: GA) (rafsi: kut) Definition/Notes: x1 [container] is empty/vacant of x2 [material] ; x1 is hollow [also vacuum (= kunti be roda/so’ada)] ; (cf. culno, tisna, claxu, canlu, kevna, setca) |
| end relative phrase | ge’u (selmaho: GEhU) (rafsi: fil) Definition/Notes: elidable terminator: end relative/modal phrases; usually elidable in non-complex phrases |
| end vocative | do’u (selmaho: DOhU) (rafsi: cpe) Definition/Notes: elidable terminator: end vocative (often elidable) |
| equal | dunli (selmaho: ZI) (rafsi: dun du’i) Definition/Notes: x1 is equal/congruent to/as much as x2 in property/dimension/quantity x3 [same in quantity/quality (not necessarily in identity); ‘analogy’ may be expressed as the equivalence of two properties of similarity (ka x1 simsa x2) and (ka x3 simsa x4)] ; (cf. cmavo list du’i, satci, frica, simsa, mintu) |
| err | srera (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: sre) Definition/Notes: x1 errs in doing/being/making mistake x2 (event), an error under conditions x3 by standard x4(cf. drani, which is non-agentive, cfila, fliba) |
| exact | satci (selmaho: NU1) Definition/Notes: x1 [measurement/match] is exact/precise to precision x2 in property/quantity x3 (ka/ni)(cf. sarxe, dunli, merli, mapti, kancu, mintu) |
| expert | certu (selmaho: ZI) (rafsi: cre) Definition/Notes: x1 is an expert/pro/has prowess in/is skilled at x2 (event/activity) by standard x3 [also competent, skilled] ; (cf. djuno, stati, kakne) |
| fa’u | and respectively (selmaho: JOI) (rafsi: cru) Definition/Notes: non-logical connective: respectively; unmixed ordered distributed association |
| fact | fatci (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: fac) Definition/Notes: x1 (du’u) is a fact/reality/truth/actuality, in the absolute(cf. datni, jitfa, sucta, xanri, jetnu, fasnu, zasti, cfika, saske) |
| fagri | fire (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: fag) Definition/Notes: x1 is a fire/flame in fuel x2 burning-in/reacting-with oxidizer x3 (default air/oxygen)(cf. jelca, sacki) |
| fatci | fact (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: fac) Definition/Notes: x1 (du’u) is a fact/reality/truth/actuality, in the absolute(cf. datni, jitfa, sucta, xanri, jetnu, fasnu, zasti, cfika, saske) |
| field | foldi (selmaho: DOhU) (rafsi: flo foi) Definition/Notes: x1 is a field [shape/form] of material x2; x1 is a broad uniform expanse of x2 [also woods (= ricfoi), lawn/meadow (= sasfoi), brush (= spafoi, cicyspafoi)] ; (cf. purdi, cange) |
| fire | fagri (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: fag) Definition/Notes: x1 is a fire/flame in fuel x2 burning-in/reacting-with oxidizer x3 (default air/oxygen)(cf. jelca, sacki) |
| foldi | field (selmaho: DOhU) (rafsi: flo foi) Definition/Notes: x1 is a field [shape/form] of material x2; x1 is a broad uniform expanse of x2 [also woods (= ricfoi), lawn/meadow (= sasfoi), brush (= spafoi, cicyspafoi)] ; (cf. purdi, cange) |
| fore or | ga (selmaho: GA) (rafsi: clu) Definition/Notes: logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal or (with gi) |
| frili | easy (selmaho: ZI) (rafsi: fil) Definition/Notes: x1 (action) is easy/simple/facile for x2 (agent) under conditions x3; x2 does x1 freely/easily(cf. nandu, sampu, zifre) |
| full | culno (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: clu) Definition/Notes: x1 is full/completely filled with x2(cf. tisna, kunti, mulno, setca, tisna) |
| funny | xajmi (selmaho: NAhU) (rafsi: xam) Definition/Notes: x1 is funny/comical to x2 in property/aspect x3 (nu/ka); x3 is what is funny about x1 to x2 [also: x1 is a comedian (= xampre, xamseljibri for a professional comedian)] ; (x1 can be a person/object or an abstraction; be careful about possible sumti-raising); (cf. bebna, cisma, cmila, fenki, zdile) |
| ga | fore or (selmaho: GA) (rafsi: clu) Definition/Notes: logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal or (with gi) |
| ge’u | end relative phrase (selmaho: GEhU) (rafsi: fil) Definition/Notes: elidable terminator: end relative/modal phrases; usually elidable in non-complex phrases |
| gerna | grammar (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: gen ge’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is the grammar/rules/defining form of language x2 for structure/text x3(cf. bangu, stura, cmavo, jufra) |
| girzu | group (selmaho: JOI) (rafsi: gir gri) Definition/Notes: x1 is group/cluster/team showing common property (ka) x2 due to set x3 linked by relations x4 [also collection, team, comprised of, comprising; members x3 (a specification of the complete membership) comprise group x1; cluster (= kangri)] ; (cf. bende, ciste, cmima, gunma, panra, cabra, cecmu, kansa, klesi, lanzu, liste, vrici) |
| glare | hot (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: gla) Definition/Notes: x1 is hot/ [warm] by standard x2 [warm (= mligla), feverish (= bi’agla)] ; (cf. lenku) |
| gletu | copulate (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: let gle) Definition/Notes: x1 copulates/fucks/mates/has coitus/sexual intercourse with x2 [x1 and x2 are symmetrical; mounts (= cpanygle)] ; (cf. cinse, pinji, plibu, vibna, vlagi, mabla, speni) |
| grammar | gerna (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: gen ge’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is the grammar/rules/defining form of language x2 for structure/text x3(cf. bangu, stura, cmavo, jufra) |
| grana | rod (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: ga’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is a rod/pole/staff/stick/cane [shape/form] of material x2(cf. garna) |
| group | girzu (selmaho: JOI) (rafsi: gir gri) Definition/Notes: x1 is group/cluster/team showing common property (ka) x2 due to set x3 linked by relations x4 [also collection, team, comprised of, comprising; members x3 (a specification of the complete membership) comprise group x1; cluster (= kangri)] ; (cf. bende, ciste, cmima, gunma, panra, cabra, cecmu, kansa, klesi, lanzu, liste, vrici) |
| hate | xebni (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: xen xei) Definition/Notes: x1 hates/despises x2 (object/abstraction); x1 is full of hate for x2; x2 is odious to x1 [x1 is hateful (one sense); x2 is hateful (different sense)] ; (cf. djica, nitcu, rigni, prami, nelci) |
| hot | glare (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: gla) Definition/Notes: x1 is hot/ [warm] by standard x2 [warm (= mligla), feverish (= bi’agla)] ; (cf. lenku) |
| hour | cacra (selmaho: FAhA2) Definition/Notes: x1 is x2 hours in duration (default is 1 hour) by standard x3(cf. junla, mentu, snidu, tcika, temci) |
| hunger | xagji (selmaho: COI) Definition/Notes: x1 hungers for x2; x1 needs/wants food/fuel x2(cf. cidja, citka, djica, nitcu, taske) |
| I know culturally | ka’u (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: flo foi) Definition/Notes: evidential: I know by cultural means (myth or custom) (cf. kluju’o) |
| insert | setca (selmaho: NAhU) (rafsi: se’a) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) inserts/interposes/puts/deposits x2 into interior x3/into among/between members of x3 [insertion need not imply a significant degree of ‘filling’; inject (= je’erse’a); syringe/needle (= se’arterje’e, je’erse’atci, jestu’u or tu’urjesni); also pour, inflate, stuff, fill] ; (cf. rinci, tisna, punji, jbini, nenri, jmina, culno, kunti, catlu) |
| jbini | between (selmaho: JOI) (rafsi: bin bi’i) Definition/Notes: x1 is between/among set of points/bounds/limits x2 (set)/amidst mass x2 in property x3 (ka) [x2 (a complete set, generally ordered) defines the bounds/limits/range for x1] ; (cf. se vasru, nenri, zvati, cpana, snuji, senta, bitmu, jimte, kuspe, jibni, lamji, sruri, vanbi, midju, cmima, setca) |
| jdice | decide (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: jdi) Definition/Notes: x1 (person) decides/makes decision x2 (du’u) about matter x3 (event/state)(cf. pajni, cuxna, kanji, manri) |
| ju’ocu’i | uncertainty (selmaho: UI*5) (rafsi: flo foi) Definition/Notes: attitudinal modifier: certainty – uncertainty – impossibility |
| jukpa | cook (selmaho: JOI) (rafsi: jup) Definition/Notes: x1 cooks/prepares food-for-eating x2 by recipe/method x3 (process) [cook with heat (= glajukpa, glaterjukpa), bake (= tokyjukpa); fry (= rasyjukpa)] ; (cf. cupra, bredi) |
| ka’u | I know culturally (selmaho: UI2) (rafsi: flo foi) Definition/Notes: evidential: I know by cultural means (myth or custom) (cf. kluju’o) |
| kabri | cup (selmaho: PA5) Definition/Notes: x1 is a cup/glass/tumbler/mug/vessel/ [bowl] containing contents x2, and of material x3 [a kabri is normally eaten from by lifting it; a palta is not] ; (cf. palta, citka, blaci, tansi) |
| kargu | costly (selmaho: PA1) Definition/Notes: x1 (object/commodity/property/event) is costly/expensive/dear to x2 by standard x3 [x1 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= poskargu for unambiguous semantics)] ; (cf. vamji, dirba, vajni, jdima, pleji, canja, jerna, jinga, jemna, sfasa, vecnu) |
| key | ckiku (selmaho: UI*1) (rafsi: kik) Definition/Notes: x1 is a key fitting/releasing/opening/unlocking lock x2, and having relevant properties x3 [also x2 fastener, mechanism; code key (= termifckiku, kiktermifra); x3 is dependent on the type of key, but are those form properties of the key that enable it to serve the function of opening the lock – in the case of a metal key to a padlock, for example, this would be the shaft and teeth] ; (cf. stela) |
| kill | catra (selmaho: ZI) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) kills/slaughters/murders x2 by action/method x3(cf. morsi, xarci) |
| kinli | sharp (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: kil) Definition/Notes: x1 is sharp/keen at locus x2(cf. balre, dakfu, jesni) |
| klesi | class (selmaho: PA5) (rafsi: kle lei) Definition/Notes: x1 (mass/si’o) is a class/category/subgroup/subset within x2 with defining property x3 (ka) [also type, kind, classification, species, genus, family, order, phylum] ; (cf. cmavo list le’a, cmima, jutsi, ciste, girzu, lanzu, vrici) |
| kunti | empty (selmaho: GA) (rafsi: kut) Definition/Notes: x1 [container] is empty/vacant of x2 [material] ; x1 is hollow [also vacuum (= kunti be roda/so’ada)] ; (cf. culno, tisna, claxu, canlu, kevna, setca) |
| la’a | probability (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: kle lei) Definition/Notes: discursive: probability – improbability (cf. lakne) |
| lacked by | cau (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: ta’o) Definition/Notes: claxu modal, 1st place lacked by … |
| lake | lalxu (selmaho: GA) (rafsi: la’u) Definition/Notes: x1 is a lake/lagoon/pool at site/within land mass x2(cf. daplu, djacu, rirxe, xamsi, zbani) |
| lalxu | lake (selmaho: GA) (rafsi: la’u) Definition/Notes: x1 is a lake/lagoon/pool at site/within land mass x2(cf. daplu, djacu, rirxe, xamsi, zbani) |
| laugh | cmila (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: mi’a) Definition/Notes: x1 laughs (emotional expression) [x1 laughs at x2 (= mi’afra)] ; (cf. ckasu, frumu, xajmi, cisma) |
| le’i | the set described (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: kle lei) Definition/Notes: non-veridical descriptor: the set of those described as …, treated as a set |
| leap | plipe (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: pip pi’e) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent/object) leaps/jumps/springs/bounds to x2 from x3 reaching height x4 propelled by x5 [place structure parallels klama; hence x4 may be a route-like expression] ; (cf. bajra, stapa, cpare, lafti) |
| lenku | cold (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: lek) Definition/Notes: x1 is cold/cool by standard x2(cf. glare, bisli) |
| let | curmi (selmaho: UI*1) (rafsi: cru) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) lets/permits/allows x2 (event) under conditions x3; x1 grants privilege x2 [sufficient condition (= crutcini), agent that permits a situation (= tcinycru)] ; (cf. rinju, banzu, ralte, jimte, jaspu, zifre) |
| levi | this here (selmaho: LE*) (rafsi: la’u) Definition/Notes: located descriptor: descriptive this-here (non-demonstrative) |
| limna | swim (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: lim) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) swims in fluid x2(cf. djacu, fulta, klama, litru) |
| mrilu (selmaho: GEhU) (rafsi: mri) Definition/Notes: x1 mails/posts [transfer via intermediary service] x2 to x3 from x4 by carrier/network/system x5 [also x4 post office, mailbox] ; (cf. benji [in which the medium need not be a 3rd party service/system, and x2 need not consist of discrete units] , notci, xatra, tcana) | |
| manci | wonder (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: mac) Definition/Notes: x1 feels wonder/awe/marvels about x2(cf. cinmo, makfa, kucli, spaji, cinri, banli, sisku) |
| manku | dark (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: man) Definition/Notes: x1 is dark/lacking in illumination(cf. blabi, gusni, ctino; use kandi or xekri with colors, ctino) |
| mark | barna (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: ba’a) Definition/Notes: x1(s) is a/are mark(s)/spot(s) on x2 of material x3 [ba’armo’a for a pattern of marks] ; (cf. sinxa, pixra, se ciska, se prina) |
| mensi | sister (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: mes me’i) Definition/Notes: x1 is a sister of/sororal to x2 by bond/tie/standard/parent(s) x3; [not necessarily biological] (cf. bruna, tunba, tamne, famti) |
| middle | midju (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: mij) Definition/Notes: x1 is in/at the middle/center/midpoint/ [is a focus] of x2; (adjective:) x1 is central(cf. lanxe, jbini, nutli, snuji, milxe, denmi, ralju) |
| midju | middle (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: mij) Definition/Notes: x1 is in/at the middle/center/midpoint/ [is a focus] of x2; (adjective:) x1 is central(cf. lanxe, jbini, nutli, snuji, milxe, denmi, ralju) |
| mipri | secret (selmaho: LE*) (rafsi: mip) Definition/Notes: x1 keeps x2 secret/hidden from x3 by method x4; x2 is a secret; x1 hides/conceals x2 [intransitive hidden/secret, without an agent (= selcri or nalterju’o); secret (= selmipri)] ; (cf. stace, mifra, sivni, djuno, cirko, jarco) |
| mo’i | space motion (selmaho: MOhI) (rafsi: mov) Definition/Notes: mark motions in space-time |
| moan | cmoni (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: cmo co’i) Definition/Notes: x1 utters moan/groan/howl/scream [non-linguistic utterance] x2 expressing x3 (property) [also shriek, most animal sounds, e.g. bark, cackle, meow, neigh, moo, honk, baa, crow] (cf. krixa, bacru, cusku, cortu) |
| moklu | mouth (selmaho: GEhU) (rafsi: mol mo’u) Definition/Notes: x1 is a/the mouth/oral cavity [body-part] of x2; (metaphor: entrance/intake for consumption) [(adjective:) x1 is oral] ; (cf. ctebi, denci, tance) |
| mouth | moklu (selmaho: GEhU) (rafsi: mol mo’u) Definition/Notes: x1 is a/the mouth/oral cavity [body-part] of x2; (metaphor: entrance/intake for consumption) [(adjective:) x1 is oral] ; (cf. ctebi, denci, tance) |
| mrilu | mail (selmaho: GEhU) (rafsi: mri) Definition/Notes: x1 mails/posts [transfer via intermediary service] x2 to x3 from x4 by carrier/network/system x5 [also x4 post office, mailbox] ; (cf. benji [in which the medium need not be a 3rd party service/system, and x2 need not consist of discrete units] , notci, xatra, tcana) |
| na’u | selbri to operator (selmaho: NAhU) (rafsi: flo foi) Definition/Notes: convert selbri to mex operator; used to create less-used operators using le’avla, lujvo, etc. |
| nabmi | problem (selmaho: NAhU) (rafsi: nam) Definition/Notes: x1 (event/state) is a problem to/encountered by x2 in situation/task/inquiry x3 [also: x1 requires consideration by x2] ; (cf. preti, danfu, ciksi, jijnu, jinvi, nandu, pensi, sidbo, spuda) |
| nation | natmi (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: nat nai) Definition/Notes: x1 is a nation/ethnic group of peoples x2; [people sharing a history/culture] (cf. jecta, kulnu, lanzu, gugde, bangu, cecmu) |
| natmi | nation (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: nat nai) Definition/Notes: x1 is a nation/ethnic group of peoples x2; [people sharing a history/culture] (cf. jecta, kulnu, lanzu, gugde, bangu, cecmu) |
| ni’a | below (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: jup) Definition/Notes: location tense relation/direction; downwards/down from … |
| nicte | night (selmaho: GEhU) (rafsi: cte) Definition/Notes: x1 is a nighttime of day x2 at location x3; (adjective:) x1 is at night/nocturnal [tonight (= cabycte); tomorrow night (= bavlamcte, even when tonight is still in the future); last night (= prulamcte)] ; (cf. donri, djedi, tcika) |
| night | nicte (selmaho: GEhU) (rafsi: cte) Definition/Notes: x1 is a nighttime of day x2 at location x3; (adjective:) x1 is at night/nocturnal [tonight (= cabycte); tomorrow night (= bavlamcte, even when tonight is still in the future); last night (= prulamcte)] ; (cf. donri, djedi, tcika) |
| noise | savru (selmaho: NAhU) (rafsi: sav vru) Definition/Notes: x1 is a noise/din/clamor [sensory input without useful information] to x2 via sensory channel x3 (cf. sance, cladu, kerlo, smaji, tirna, siclu) |
| number ? | xo (selmaho: PA5) Definition/Notes: digit/number: number/digit/lerfu question |
| patience | .o’o (selmaho: UI1) (rafsi: xam) Definition/Notes: attitudinal: patience – mere tolerance – anger (cf. fengu, to’ersteba, de’acni |
| pe’u | please (selmaho: COI) (rafsi: cte) Definition/Notes: vocative: please |
| permission | .e’a (selmaho: UI1) (rafsi: xam) Definition/Notes: attitudinal: granting permission – prohibiting (cf. curmi) |
| piece | spisa (selmaho: NU1) (rafsi: spi) Definition/Notes: x1 [object/substance] is a piece/portion/lump/chunk/particle of x2 [substance] (cf. pagbu) |
| please | pe’u (selmaho: COI) (rafsi: cte) Definition/Notes: vocative: please |
| plipe | leap (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: pip pi’e) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent/object) leaps/jumps/springs/bounds to x2 from x3 reaching height x4 propelled by x5 [place structure parallels klama; hence x4 may be a route-like expression] ; (cf. bajra, stapa, cpare, lafti) |
| polite | clite (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: lit) Definition/Notes: x1 is polite/courteous/civil in matter x2 according to standard/custom x3 [also formal, ritual] ; (cf. ritli) |
| porpi | break (selmaho: NAhU) (rafsi: pop po’i) Definition/Notes: x1 breaks/fractures/shatters/ [splits/splinters/cracks] into pieces x2(cf. xrani, spofu, se katna) |
| probability | la’a (selmaho: UI3) (rafsi: kle lei) Definition/Notes: discursive: probability – improbability (cf. lakne) |
| problem | nabmi (selmaho: NAhU) (rafsi: nam) Definition/Notes: x1 (event/state) is a problem to/encountered by x2 in situation/task/inquiry x3 [also: x1 requires consideration by x2] ; (cf. preti, danfu, ciksi, jijnu, jinvi, nandu, pensi, sidbo, spuda) |
| process abstract | pu’u (selmaho: NU1) (rafsi: puv) Definition/Notes: abstractor: process (event) abstractor; x1 is process of [bridi] proceeding in stages x2 |
| pu’u | process abstract (selmaho: NU1) (rafsi: puv) Definition/Notes: abstractor: process (event) abstractor; x1 is process of [bridi] proceeding in stages x2 |
| rain | carvi (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: cav) Definition/Notes: x1 rains/showers/ [precipitates] to x2 from x3; x1 is precipitation [not limited to ‘rain’] (cf. bratu, dilnu, santa, snime, tcima, bisli, bumru) |
| raktu | trouble (selmaho: NU1) (rafsi: ra’u) Definition/Notes: x1 (object/person/event/situation) troubles/disturbs x2 (person) causing problem(s) x3 [also afflicts, is disruptive to, troublesome; x1/x3 are a care to x2, x2 is troubled by/cares about x1/x3 (= selra’u for reordered places)] ; (cf. dicra, fanza, zunti, kurji, xanka) |
| ranji | continue (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: ra’i) Definition/Notes: x1 (event/state) continues/persists over interval x2; x1 (property – ka) is continuous over x2(cf. temci, kuspe, renvi, cedra, citsi, manfo, vitci, cukla, fliba, preja, tcena) |
| rebla | tail (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: reb) Definition/Notes: x1 is a/the tail/appendix [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: trailing, following portion/appendage] (cf. nalci, pimlu, se lidne, trixe, birka, jimca) |
| recent utterance | de’u (selmaho: KOhA2) (rafsi: cmo co’i) Definition/Notes: pro-sumti: a recent utterance |
| request | cpedu (selmaho: BAI) (rafsi: cpe) Definition/Notes: x1 requests/asks/petitions/solicits for x2 of/from x3 in manner/form x4 [also demand (= mi’ecpe); x4 is a means of expression (cf. ve cusku): a request may be indicated in speech, in writing, or by an action (e.g. petitions are often in writing, while begging/panhandling may be indicated by an action or even demeanor)] ; (cf. pikci, te preti, te frati, se spuda, danfu) |
| rod | grana (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: ga’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is a rod/pole/staff/stick/cane [shape/form] of material x2(cf. garna) |
| roof | drudi (selmaho: DOhU) (rafsi: rud dru) Definition/Notes: x1 is a roof/top/ceiling/lid of x2(cf. bitmu, stedu, galtu, gapru, loldi, marbi, gacri, mapku; a drudi is (designed to be) over/above something and shelters it from other things above the drudi, mapku) |
| ru’u | surrounding (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: mov) Definition/Notes: location tense relation/direction; surrounding/annular … |
| ruble | weak (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: rub ble) Definition/Notes: x1 is weak/feeble/frail in property/quality/aspect x2 (ka) by standard x3(cf. carmi, vlipa, tsali, kandi, kandi, milxe) |
| satci | exact (selmaho: NU1) Definition/Notes: x1 [measurement/match] is exact/precise to precision x2 in property/quantity x3 (ka/ni)(cf. sarxe, dunli, merli, mapti, kancu, mintu) |
| savru | noise (selmaho: NAhU) (rafsi: sav vru) Definition/Notes: x1 is a noise/din/clamor [sensory input without useful information] to x2 via sensory channel x3 (cf. sance, cladu, kerlo, smaji, tirna, siclu) |
| secret | mipri (selmaho: LE*) (rafsi: mip) Definition/Notes: x1 keeps x2 secret/hidden from x3 by method x4; x2 is a secret; x1 hides/conceals x2 [intransitive hidden/secret, without an agent (= selcri or nalterju’o); secret (= selmipri)] ; (cf. stace, mifra, sivni, djuno, cirko, jarco) |
| selbri to operator | na’u (selmaho: NAhU) (rafsi: flo foi) Definition/Notes: convert selbri to mex operator; used to create less-used operators using le’avla, lujvo, etc. |
| senva | dream (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: sev sne) Definition/Notes: x1 dreams about/that x2 (fact/idea/event/state); x2 is a dream/reverie of x1 [dream/reverie (= selsne)] ; (cf. sipna, xanri) |
| setca | insert (selmaho: NAhU) (rafsi: se’a) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) inserts/interposes/puts/deposits x2 into interior x3/into among/between members of x3 [insertion need not imply a significant degree of ‘filling’; inject (= je’erse’a); syringe/needle (= se’arterje’e, je’erse’atci, jestu’u or tu’urjesni); also pour, inflate, stuff, fill] ; (cf. rinci, tisna, punji, jbini, nenri, jmina, culno, kunti, catlu) |
| sharp | kinli (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: kil) Definition/Notes: x1 is sharp/keen at locus x2(cf. balre, dakfu, jesni) |
| sister | mensi (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: mes me’i) Definition/Notes: x1 is a sister of/sororal to x2 by bond/tie/standard/parent(s) x3; [not necessarily biological] (cf. bruna, tunba, tamne, famti) |
| solar | solri (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: sol) Definition/Notes: x1 is the sun of home planet x2 (default Earth) of race x3; (adjective:) x1 is solar [‘home planet’ refers to a planet which is ’’home’’ to a race, but not necessarily the original ’’home’’ of a species if that species inhabits many worlds] ; (cf. gusni, lunra, mluni, plini, santa, terdi, tarci) |
| soldier | sonci (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: son soi) Definition/Notes: x1 is a soldier/warrior/fighter of army x2(cf. bilni, damba, jenmi, xarci, pulji) |
| solri | solar (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: sol) Definition/Notes: x1 is the sun of home planet x2 (default Earth) of race x3; (adjective:) x1 is solar [‘home planet’ refers to a planet which is ’’home’’ to a race, but not necessarily the original ’’home’’ of a species if that species inhabits many worlds] ; (cf. gusni, lunra, mluni, plini, santa, terdi, tarci) |
| something 3 | di (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: cmo co’i) Definition/Notes: logically quantified existential pro-sumti: there exists something 3 (usually restricted) |
| sonci | soldier (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: son soi) Definition/Notes: x1 is a soldier/warrior/fighter of army x2(cf. bilni, damba, jenmi, xarci, pulji) |
| sovda | egg (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: sov so’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is an egg/ovum/sperm/pollen/gamete of/from organism [mother/father] x2 [(poorly metaphorical only due to gender- and species- being unspecified): ovoid, oblate (= pevyso’aseltai, but better: claboi); egg, specifically female (= fetso’a), of a bird (= cpifetso’a, cpiso’a), of a chicken (= jipcyfetso’a, jipcyso’a] (but note that Lojban does not require specificity, just as English doesn’t for either milk or eggs; ’’sovda’’ is f |
| space | canlu (selmaho: PA5) (rafsi: cal ca’u) Definition/Notes: x1 is space/volume/region/room [at-least-3-dimensional area] occupied by x2 [also occupy (= selca’u)] (cf. kensa, bliku, kumfa, kevna, kunti, tubnu, dekpu) |
| space motion | mo’i (selmaho: MOhI) (rafsi: mov) Definition/Notes: mark motions in space-time |
| specific | steci (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: tec te’i) Definition/Notes: x1 (ka) is specific/particular/specialized/ [special] /a defining property of x2 among x3 (set) [x2 are members/individuals of a subset of x3; object whose association is specific/defining of a subset or individuals (= tecra’a, also cf. cmavo list po’e, [x2 is also special to x1] ); also: especially/strongly/specifically associated] ; (x3 is completely specified set)] ; (cf. srana, se ponse, ckini, tcila, tutra) |
| spisa | piece (selmaho: NU1) (rafsi: spi) Definition/Notes: x1 [object/substance] is a piece/portion/lump/chunk/particle of x2 [substance] (cf. pagbu) |
| srera | err (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: sre) Definition/Notes: x1 errs in doing/being/making mistake x2 (event), an error under conditions x3 by standard x4(cf. drani, which is non-agentive, cfila, fliba) |
| steci | specific (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: tec te’i) Definition/Notes: x1 (ka) is specific/particular/specialized/ [special] /a defining property of x2 among x3 (set) [x2 are members/individuals of a subset of x3; object whose association is specific/defining of a subset or individuals (= tecra’a, also cf. cmavo list po’e, [x2 is also special to x1] ); also: especially/strongly/specifically associated] ; (x3 is completely specified set)] ; (cf. srana, se ponse, ckini, tcila, tutra) |
| surrounding | ru’u (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: mov) Definition/Notes: location tense relation/direction; surrounding/annular … |
| swim | limna (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: lim) Definition/Notes: x1 (agent) swims in fluid x2(cf. djacu, fulta, klama, litru) |
| tail | rebla (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: reb) Definition/Notes: x1 is a/the tail/appendix [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: trailing, following portion/appendage] (cf. nalci, pimlu, se lidne, trixe, birka, jimca) |
| tanbo | board (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: ta’o) Definition/Notes: x1 is a board/plank [3-dimensional long flat rectangle] of material x2(cf. bliku, kubli) |
| tcadu | city (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: tca) Definition/Notes: x1 is a town/city of metropolitan area x2, in political unit x3, serving hinterland/region x4 [also (adjective:) x1 is urban] ; (cf. jarbu, nurma, cecmu, jarbu) |
| the set described | le’i (selmaho: LE) (rafsi: kle lei) Definition/Notes: non-veridical descriptor: the set of those described as …, treated as a set |
| this here | levi (selmaho: LE*) (rafsi: la’u) Definition/Notes: located descriptor: descriptive this-here (non-demonstrative) |
| trouble | raktu (selmaho: NU1) (rafsi: ra’u) Definition/Notes: x1 (object/person/event/situation) troubles/disturbs x2 (person) causing problem(s) x3 [also afflicts, is disruptive to, troublesome; x1/x3 are a care to x2, x2 is troubled by/cares about x1/x3 (= selra’u for reordered places)] ; (cf. dicra, fanza, zunti, kurji, xanka) |
| tugni | agree (selmaho: FAhA2) (rafsi: tug tu’i) Definition/Notes: x1 [person] agrees with person(s)/position/side x2 that x3 (du’u) is true about matter x4(cf. sarxe, mapti, darlu, natfe, panpi, sarji) |
| uncertainty | ju’ocu’i (selmaho: UI*5) (rafsi: flo foi) Definition/Notes: attitudinal modifier: certainty – uncertainty – impossibility |
| verba | child (selmaho: COI) (rafsi: ver ve’a) Definition/Notes: x1 is a child/kid/juvenile [a young person] of age x2, immature by standard x3 [not necessarily human] ; (cf. cifnu, makcu, citno, panzi, nanla, nixli, se rirni, bersa) |
| weak | ruble (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: rub ble) Definition/Notes: x1 is weak/feeble/frail in property/quality/aspect x2 (ka) by standard x3(cf. carmi, vlipa, tsali, kandi, kandi, milxe) |
| wear | dasni (selmaho: ZI) (rafsi: das) Definition/Notes: x1 wears/is robed/garbed in x2 as a garment of type x3 [x2 need not be intended for use as a garment (unlike taxfu)] ; (cf. taxfu) |
| wonder | manci (selmaho: KOhA1) (rafsi: mac) Definition/Notes: x1 feels wonder/awe/marvels about x2(cf. cinmo, makfa, kucli, spaji, cinri, banli, sisku) |
| xa | 6 (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: xav) Definition/Notes: digit/number: 6 (digit) [six] |
| xagji | hunger (selmaho: COI) Definition/Notes: x1 hungers for x2; x1 needs/wants food/fuel x2(cf. cidja, citka, djica, nitcu, taske) |
| xajmi | funny (selmaho: NAhU) (rafsi: xam) Definition/Notes: x1 is funny/comical to x2 in property/aspect x3 (nu/ka); x3 is what is funny about x1 to x2 [also: x1 is a comedian (= xampre, xamseljibri for a professional comedian)] ; (x1 can be a person/object or an abstraction; be careful about possible sumti-raising); (cf. bebna, cisma, cmila, fenki, zdile) |
| xebni | hate (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: xen xei) Definition/Notes: x1 hates/despises x2 (object/abstraction); x1 is full of hate for x2; x2 is odious to x1 [x1 is hateful (one sense); x2 is hateful (different sense)] ; (cf. djica, nitcu, rigni, prami, nelci) |
| xo | number ? (selmaho: PA5) Definition/Notes: digit/number: number/digit/lerfu question |
| young | citno (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: cit ci’o) Definition/Notes: x1 is young/youthful [relatively short in elapsed duration] by standard x2 [also age (= nilnalci’o); (adjective:) x1 is junior] ; (cf. cnino, slabu, verba) |
| ze | 7 (selmaho: PA1) (rafsi: zel) Definition/Notes: digit/number: 7 (digit) [seven] |